Reversing mechanism for machinery



(No Model.) 2 SheetsShee1-, 1.

G. B. OOTTRELL.

REVERSING MECHANISM FOR MACHINERY. No. 307,844.

Patented Nov. 11, 1884.

Nwww Vii/messes No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

G. B OOTTRELL.

'REVERSIN "\MBCIEIANISM FOR MACHINERY. No. 307,844 1f a, nted Nov. 11.1884.

UNrrnD TATES CALVERT B. COTTRELL, OF STONINGTON, CONNECTICUT.

REVERS ING'MECHANISM FOR MACHINERY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 307,844, dated November11, 1884.

Application filed September 20, 1S84.

T0 aZZ whom it may concern:

No model.)

Similar letters of reference designate corre- Be it known that I,CALVERT B. Co'r'rRELL, spending parts in all the figures.

of Stonington, in the county of New London and State of Connecticut,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Reversing Mechanism forMachinery,-of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to means whereby the driving-shaft of a machine mayhave its rotation in the normal direction stopped, when desired, andreceive a motion in the reverse direction; and the object of theinvention is to provide a simple and positively-operating mechanismwhich will always be active when the driving-belt of the machine isshifted from the fast to the loose pulley, and which may, at the will ofthe operator, be made to turn the driving-shaft in a reverse direction.

My invention consists, essentially, in the combination, with thedriving-shaft of a machine, of fast and loose pulleys thereon, agear-wheel having ayielding connection with said shaft, whereby alimited rotary movement of said wheel is permitted independently of thesaid shaft, and a train of gearwheels operated from the said loosepulley when the driving-belt is shifted thereon and 4 capable ofmovement to engage with and drive the wheel having a yielding engagementwith the driving-shaft, and thereby to drive said shaft in a reversedirection.

The invention also consists in the combination, with the foregoing, of aspring interposed between the driving shaft and the gearwheel thereon,whereby said wheel, when set in operation by the train of wheels bywhich it is engaged and driven, will exert power gradually to start andturn the driving-shaft.

The invention also consists in other novel combinations of parts,hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims. In theaccompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents an elevation of mechanismembodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a side view thereof. Fig. 3 is atransverse vertical section upon the dotted line .t' at of Fig. 1 andupon alarger scale,

showing the mechanism whereby the motion of the driving-shaft isreversed as inactive.

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3, showing the reversing mechanism asactive, and Fig. 5 is an elevation, partly in section, looking from theleft hand of Fig. 3.

train of wheels.

A designates the driving-shaft of a machine, and B designates portionsof the framing thereof, which may be of any particular character adaptedto the machine in which the invention is embodied.

Upon the shaft A are fast and loose pulleys C C, on which a singledriving-belt is to be used in a well-known manner. When the belt is uponthe fast pulley C, the drivingshaft A will be turned in the direction ofthe arrows shown in full lines in Figs. 2, 3, and 4, which is its normaldirection of rotation.

Below the shaft A is another and shorter shaft, D, which is supported insuitable bearings, and which is geared with the loose pulley C by apinion, E, fast on the hub of said pulley, gearing into a wheel, E, faston the shaft D. The shaft D has also fast upon it a small wheel orpinion, F, and fulcrumed on the shaft on opposite sides of said wheel orpinion F is a swinging frame, G, in which is pivoted or journalcdasecond wheel or pinion, F, which is in constant engagement with thewheel or pinion F, and receives motion therefrom whenever the latter isdriven.

Upon thedriving-shaft A is a spur gearwheel, H, which is not securedfast to the shaft, but has a yielding connection therewith, as I shallsoon describe; and it -will be understood that the wheels and pinions EE F F constitute a train of gear-wheels which are always active when thedriving-belt is shifted onto the loose pulley C. It will be furtherunderstood that the wheel or pinion F is j ournaled in the free ormovable end of theswinging frame G, and that when the frame is swungwheel H the latter will be rotated by the said Any suitable mechanismmay be employed for shifting or swinging the frame G to accomplish thedesired result. I have here shown a pair of toggle-levers, I I,connected with the free end of the frame G at a, and having the fixedfulcrum at b. The middle joint, 0, of the toggle is connected by a rodor link, J, with an arm, K, on a rock-shaft, K, which is supported insuitable bearings, cl, attached to the frame B of the machine.

To the end of the rock-shaft K is attached a lover or arm, K and'bymeans of a push-rod, K, rising from the outer end of this arm, the shaftK may be turned and, acting through the arm K and rod or link J,willstraighten or partly straighten the toggle I I and move the wheel Finto gear with the wheel H. Preferably the toggle I I will not requireto be straightened to bring the wheel F into gear with the wheel H, butthe movement of the toggle into the position shown in Fig. at will besuliicient, and the wheel F will then have a tendency to fall away fromthe wheel H; but in order that the weight of the arm and pushrod K Kshall not act to prevent this I may apply a spring in any suitablemanner to insure the deflection of the toggles when pressure is removedfrom the push-rod K.

In Fig. l I have shown a spring, 0, coiled around the rock-shalt K, andhaving one end attached to a bearing, (1, and the other end fixed in acollar, 0, which is fastened upon the shaft. In turning the rockshaft Kto raise the swinging frame G the spring 6 is contracted, or has itstension increased, and as soon as pressure is removed from the rod K thespring exerts its force to counteract the weight of the rod and arm K Kand to lower the frame G and move the wheel F out of gear with the wheelH.

In lieu of the spring 0 a weight might be employed and would be the fullequivalent of the spring.

Now, it is obvious that if the wheel H were fast on the shaft A therewould be nothing to give or yield as the wheel F is brought into gearwith it, and that the wheel F would necessarily impart its full speed tothe wheel H and the shaft A. The wheels would therefore clash together,and their teeth would probably be broken. enable the wheel H to yieldand gradually start the shaft A, I establish a yielding connectionbetween the wheel H and the shaft A, and preferably I interpose a springbetween them.

As here shown, the wheel H has a hub, f, which turns loose on the shaftA, and attached to an arm,f, of the wheel is a bent spring, L, the freeend of which is shown as formed with a hook, The wheel is also formedwith an inward projection or lug, h, which acts as a guard to limit theexpansion of the spring, the spring resting upon the projection or guard71., as shown in Fig. 3.

At the side of the loose wheel H is a disk, A, keyed or otherwisesecured fast to the shaft, and this disk carries a pin, 2', which projeets into the wheel II and into the path of the hook g on the spring L.So long as the shaft A is operated directly by the belt on the fastpulley C, it moves in the direction indicated by the arrows, which arein full lines. When, however, it is desired to reverse the direction ofmovement and drive the shaft A in the opposite direction, the wheel F isbrought into engagement with the wheel H, and the latter To preventthis, and to is' turned in the direction indicated by the dotted arrows.By such movement of the wheel H the hook g of the spring L is broughtagainst the pin 2' on the disk A, and by the continued rotation of thewheel the spring is compressed or contracted until the arm f comesagainst the hooked end of the spring, as shown in Fig. 4-, andthereafter the wheel H transmitsits motion to the shaft. The disk A andthe pin t in reality constitute an arm fast on the shaft A, and the armf on the wheel constitutes a fixed abutment on the wheel, through whichittransmits motion to the shaft. The spring L is interposed between theabutment and the arm on the shaft, and is therefore between the wheeland the shaft. The wheel H being adapted to yield on its shaft A, thewheel F can come into gear with it without clashing, and by the spring Lthe resistance is gradually overcome. As soon as the wheel F is movedaway from the wheel H the resilience of thespring throws thewheel H backsomewhat, and when the shaft A is driven independently of the wheel thepin 1' comes against the hooked end 9 of the spring, but does notcontract the spring, inasmuch as there is no resistance opposed totheturning of the wheel H. It will be observed that the train of wheelsis always active when the belt is on the loose pulley O, and theoperator has only to raise the frame G to render the train operative toturn the shaft A.

By establishing a yielding connection be tween the wheel H and shaft A,and also by employing the spring, I am enabled to employpositively-operating spur-wheels F H, which are very much more certainthan would be friction-wheels in a like situation.

My improved mechanism may be employed in machines of various kinds, andis particularly desirable for reversing the rotary motion of thedriving-shaft in printing- )resses, to provide for backing up thepress-cylinder.

I am aware of Letters Patent No. 178,209, granted May 30, 1876, to ClausVan Haagen, for improvement in mechanisms for reversing the motion ofthe beds of metal-planing machines, and I do not claim anything thereshown or described as of my invention.

Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-- ICO.

1. The combination, with the driving-shaft of a machine, of fast andloose pulleys thereon, a gear-wheel having a yielding connection withsaid shaft whereby a limited rotary motion of the wheel is permittedindependently of the shaft, and a train of gear-wheels operated fromsaid loose pulley and capable of be ing moved into and out of engagementwith the gear-wheel, which has a yielding connec tion with said shaft,whereby the direction of rotation of the shaft may be reversed,substantially as herein described.

2. The combination, with the driving-shaft of a machine, of fast andloose pulleys thereon, and a gear-wheel mounted upon and havingayielding connection with said shaft, a train of gear-wheels operatedfrom the loose pulley and connections, whereby said train may be movedto gear into the said yieldingwheel, and a spring for moving said trainof wheels out of engagement with said yielding wheel, substantially asand for the purpose herein described.

3. The combination, with the driving-shaft of a machine, of fast andloose pulleys thereon, a gear-wheel mounted upon and having a yieldingconnection with said shaft, a spring interposed between said wheel andshaft, a train of gear-wheels operated from said loose pulley, andconnections whereby said train of wheels may be brought into engagementwith the yielding wheel, substantially as herein described.

4. The combination, with the shaft A and the fast and loose pulleys O Othereon, of a gear-wheel mounted upon and having a yielding connectionwith said shaft, a pinion, E, on the hub of the loose pulley, and atrain of gear-wheels operated by the pinion E, and

connections whereby said train may be moved into engagement with saidyielding gear wheel, substantially as and for the purpose hereindescribed.

5. The combination, with the driving-shaft of a machine, of a gear-wheelloose on said shaft, an arm fast on said shaft, and a spring throughwhich said wheel operates on said arm, fast and loose pulleys on saidshaft, a train of gear-wheels operated from said loose pulley, andconnections through which said train of wheels may be engaged with saidloose gear-wheel, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

6. The combination, with the driving-shaftof a machine and a fixed armthereon, of a gear-wheel loose on the shaft and provided with anabutment fixed relatively to the wheel, a spring interposed between saidabutment and arm, fast and loose pulleys on said shaft, a train ofgear-wheels operated from said loose pulley, and connections wherebysaid train of wheels may be moved into engagement with said loosegear-wheel, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

7. The combination, with the shaft A, pr0- vided with fast and loosepulleys,of a disk, A, fast upon the shaft, and provided withapin, i, agear-wheel, H, loose upon the shaft, and pro vided with the hookedspring L, a train of gear-Wheels operated from said loose pulley, andconnections whereby said train of wheels may be moved into engagementwith the loose wheel H, substantially as herein described.

8. The combination, with the shaft A, provided with fast and loosepulleys, of a disk, A, fast on the shaft, and provided with a pin, 6, agear-wheel, H, loose on the shaft, and provided with the abutment f 'andhooked spring L, a train of gear-wheels operated from the loose pulley,and connections whereby said train of wheels may be moved intoengagement with said wheel H, substantially as and for the purposeherein described.

0. B. OOTTRELL.

WVitnesses:

G. HALL, FREDK. HAYNES.

